什么是太阳能发电
2022-05-07 14:56:33 浏(liu)览(lan)次数(shu)：
现在越(yue)来(lai)越(yue)提倡节能和环保的理念，太阳(yang)能得到(dao)了(le)很好的使用，那么什么是江苏太阳(yang)能发电呢？
太(tai)(tai)(tai)阳(yang)能热(re)(re)发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)是(shi)(shi)一(yi)(yi)种(zhong)经(jing)过水或(huo)其他工(gong)作介(jie)质和设(she)备将太(tai)(tai)(tai)阳(yang)辐射能量转化(hua)为电(dian)(dian)能的发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)办(ban)法。首先，太(tai)(tai)(tai)阳(yang)能转化(hua)为热(re)(re)能，然(ran)后热(re)(re)能转化(hua)为电(dian)(dian)能。有(you)两种(zhong)转化(hua)模式:一(yi)(yi)种(zhong)是(shi)(shi)将太(tai)(tai)(tai)阳(yang)能热(re)(re)能直接转化(hua)成(cheng)电(dian)(dian)能，如半导体(ti)或(huo)金(jin)属材料(liao)的热(re)(re)电(dian)(dian)发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)、真空器件的热(re)(re)电(dian)(dian)和热(re)(re)电(dian)(dian)离(li)子发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)、碱金(jin)属热(re)(re)电(dian)(dian)转化(hua)和磁流体(ti)发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)。另一(yi)(yi)种(zhong)办(ban)法是(shi)(shi)经(jing)过热(re)(re)机(ji)(如蒸汽轮机(ji))驱动发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)机(ji)使用太(tai)(tai)(tai)阳(yang)能发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)，这类似于(yu)传统的热(re)(re)能发(fa)(fa)电(dian)(dian)，只是(shi)(shi)热(re)(re)能不是(shi)(shi)来自燃(ran)料(liao)，而是(shi)(shi)来自太(tai)(tai)(tai)阳(yang)能。
太阳(yang)能(neng)热(re)发(fa)电(dian)有多种(zhong)(zhong)类型(xing)，主(zhu)要有以下五(wu)种(zhong)(zhong):塔式体(ti)(ti)系(xi)、槽式体(ti)(ti)系(xi)、盘式体(ti)(ti)系(xi)、太阳(yang)能(neng)池和太阳(yang)能(neng)塔式热(re)气流发(fa)电(dian)。前三种(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)聚光太阳(yang)能(neng)热(re)发(fa)电(dian)体(ti)(ti)系(xi)，后两种(zhong)(zhong)是(shi)非(fei)聚光体(ti)(ti)系(xi)。已经建(jian)成了数十座各种(zhong)(zhong)类型(xing)的(de)太阳(yang)能(neng)热(re)发(fa)电(dian)示(shi)范电(dian)站，达到了并网发(fa)电(dian)的(de)实践应用水平。
现在，世(shi)界上(shang)最有前途的太(tai)(tai)阳能(neng)(neng)热(re)发电(dian)体(ti)系大(da)致可分为槽(cao)(cao)式(shi)抛(pao)物面聚光(guang)体(ti)系、接(jie)收器或太(tai)(tai)阳能(neng)(neng)塔式(shi)聚光(guang)体(ti)系和碟形抛(pao)物面聚光(guang)体(ti)系。三种(zhong)技能(neng)(neng)上(shang)和经(jing)济(ji)上(shang)可行的方式(shi)是:30~80MW聚光(guang)抛(pao)物面槽(cao)(cao)式(shi)太(tai)(tai)阳能(neng)(neng)热(re)发电(dian)技能(neng)(neng)(简称抛(pao)物面槽(cao)(cao))；30~200兆(zhao)瓦点(dian)聚集会集接(jie)收太(tai)(tai)阳能(neng)(neng)热(re)发电(dian)技能(neng)(neng)(以下(xia)简称会集接(jie)收式(shi))；7.5~25kW点(dian)聚集抛(pao)物面碟太(tai)(tai)阳能(neng)(neng)热(re)发电(dian)技能(neng)(neng)(简称抛(pao)物面碟)。
聚光太阳能热发(fa)电(dian)(dian)体系的传热工质主要是水、蒸汽(qi)、熔盐等。这些传热工作介质可以在(zai)接(jie)收器中加(jia)热到450摄氏度，然后用于(yu)发(fa)电(dian)(dian)。此(ci)外，发(fa)电(dian)(dian)模(mo)式的蓄热体系可以暂时(shi)贮(zhu)存几个小时(shi)的热能以满意用电(dian)(dian)高峰的需(xu)求。
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